eponyms in medicine - part 38

371 - Trendelenburg position is position where angle of the head of bed or table is inclined at 45 degrees down; used in surgery to push the abdominal organs towards the chest.

372 - Scheie’s syndrome is mucopolysaccharidosis (I S) - from alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency (same as Hurler’s syndrome) - milder than Hurler’s syndrome - resulting in corneal clouding - stiff joints - aortic valve disease - normal intelligence and potentially normal life span.

373 - Councilman bodies is in apoptosis - hepatocytes that round up to form shrunken - pyknotic - and intensely eosinophilic bodies.A Councilman body, also known as a Councilman hyaline body, is an eosinophilic globule often found in the liver of individuals suffering from yellow fever. Each Councilman body results from the apoptotic death of a single liver cell.Until recently the presence of Councilman bodies in a liver biopsy was thought to be sufficient evidence for a diagnosis of yellow fever. However, they have since been found also to be present in other viral hemorrhagic fevers along with acute viral hepatitis, and thus may no longer be considered as diagnostic for yellow fever.

Councilman bodies are named after American pathologist William T. Councilman (1854-1933), who discovered them.

374 - Cockcroft-Gault formula is for calculating clearance based on creatinine - age - weight: [(140-age) x lean body weight (in kg)]/[plasma creatinine (in mg/dL) x 72]; in women - multipled by 0.85 because of smaller muscle mass.

375 - Riedel’s thyroiditis is unknown etiology - marked by glandular atrophy - hypothyroidism - and replacement of the thyroid by fibrous tissue with adhesion to surrounding structures.

376 - Nägele’s rule is means of estimating date of delivery by counting back 3 months from the first day of the last menstrual period and adding seven days; full term 38 weeks after fertilization - 40 weeks after LNMP.

377 - St. Jude valve is prosthetic valve - bileaflet - with two semicircular discs that pivot between open and closed positions without supporting struts - first used in 1977.

378 - Dercum’s disease is adipositas dolorsa - condition tending to affect obese women in middle age - mostly menopausal - consisting of multiple exquisitely tender lipomas.

379 - Gower’s maneuver is Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy - patient using hands to help himself get up.

380 - Weil’s disease is severe form of leptospirosis with hepatic dysfunction - renal dysfunction - and hemorrhage.